Blockboard is a kind of engineered compound plywood board. It is used for various purposes.Followings are the main uses of blockboard.

• For shelving such as long book sheve , worktops as heavier struc…

Timber is a type of wood which has been processed into beams and planks. It is also known as “lumber” in US and Canada. Basically, timber or Lumber is a wood or firewood of growing trees. Any wood cap…

Sand is small grains of silica (SiO₂) formed by the decomposition of rocks. It is one of the most important construction materials. It is broadly used concrete, cement mortar, lime mortar etc.

Foundation is one of the most important parts of the structure. Foundation is defined as that part of the structure that transfers the load from the structure as well as its own weight over a large ar…

The raft foundation is a very commonly used type of foundation system. Raft foundation is also known as Mat foundation. Definition of raft foundation along with working principle, when to choose raft,…

A building, which has a basement, has a great chance to face the problem of seepage of water or penetration of water through the wall of the basement especially at the time of heavy precipitation. Thi…

A pier foundation is a collection of large diameter cylindrical columns to support the superstructure and transfer large super-imposed loads to the firm strata below. It stood several feet above the g…

The word caisson is derived from latin capsa ^[1] which means box or case.

In Civil Engineering, Caissons denote watertight structures which are constructed in connection with the excavation for f…

For designing shallow foundations, it is necessary to know the bearing capacity of soil at the desired depth. Plate load test is performed on site to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of soil at…